dirtyhaser.blogg.se

1. #Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th full#
2. #Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th registration#
3. #Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th portable#

#Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th full#

This website contains a full e-text of the book linked to questions, animations and interactions.

#Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th registration#

Clinically relevant information on the normal state is summarised in clinical connection text boxes, and clinically relevant disorders are grouped in text boxes under the remit of homeostatic imbalances.Įxtensive e-learning resources for this text are accessible through the WileyPlus environment by using a registration code that is supplied with the book. The twelfth edition continues to offer a balanced presentation of content under the umbrella of one unifying theme, homeostasis. Student feedback has also been used extensively in further improving the text. In response to feedback from teachers and students, the illustrations within the text are of an even better standard than previous editions, with the re-development of many of the images depicting the topics that are toughest for students to grasp. Volume one focuses on organization, support and movement, and control systems while volume two embraces maintenance and continuity of the body.

#Principles of anatomy and physiology tortora 13th portable#

This international student edition is published in an easily portable two-volume set – a welcome change, since students have commented on the weight of earlier editions. It emphasizes the correlation between normal physiology and pathophysiology, normal anatomy and pathology, and homeostasis and homeostatic imbalances. Lateral dislocations are usually associated with mandibular fractures.The twelfth edition of Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora and Dickinson has maintained the balance between structure and function of the human body characteristic of previous editions. Superior displacements are typically caused by a direct blow to a partially opened mouth. Superior displacements can be caused by a direct blow to the chin. Posterior displacement can be caused by a direct blow to the chin. Common causes are extreme mouth opening, as in yawning or taking a large bite, dental procedures, or general anesthesia. Anterior displacements are the most common and occur when the condylar processes of the mandible pass anterior to the articular tubercles. A dislocated mandible can occur in several ways.Rigor mortis begins 3-4 hours after death and lasts about 24 hours then it disappears as proteolytics enzymes from lysosomes digest the cross-bridges. The resulting condition, in which muscles are in a state of rigidity (cannot contract or stretch), is called rigor mortis (rigidity of death). ATP synthesis ceases shortly after breathing stops, however, so the cross-bridges cannot detach from actin. Calcium ions leak out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm and allow myosin heads to bind to actin. After death, the cellular membranes become leaky.Ataxia can also occur as a result of degenerative diseases (multiple sclerosis and Parkinson disease), trauma, brain tumors, and genetic factors, and as a side effect of medication prescribed for bipolar disorder. Such individuals have difficulty in passing sobriety tests. People who consume too much alcohol show signs of ataxia because alcohol inhibits activity of the cerebellum. Cerebellar damage may also result in staggering or abnormal walking movements. Another sign of ataxia is a changed speech pattern due to uncoordinated speech muscles. Blindfolded people with ataxia cannot touch the tip of their nose with their finger because they cannot coordinate movement with their sense of where a body part is located. Damage to the cerebellum can result in a loss of ability to coordinate muscular movements, a condition called ataxia.Hyposmia also can be caused by neurological changes, such as a head injury, Alzheimer disease, or Parkinson disease certain drugs, such as antihistamines, analgesics, or steroids and the damaging effects of smoking. Hyposmia, a reduced ability to smell, affects half of those over age 65 and 75% of those over age 80. With aging the sense of smell deteriorates. Smoking seriously impairs the sense of smell in the short term and may cause long-term damage to olfactory receptors. Women often have a keener sense of smell than men do, especially at the time of ovulation.Prolonged vitamin A deficiency and the resulting below-normal amount of rhodopsin may cause night blindness or nyctalopia, an inability to see well at low light levels. As a result, the person cannot distinguish between red and green. The most common type is red-green color blindness, in which red cones or green cones are missing. Most forms of color blindness, an inherited inability to distinguish between certain colors, result from the absence or deficiency of one of the types of cones.Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Five Interesting Functions of the Human Body